NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 is a graphics card released on October 12, 2022, built on the Ada Lovelace architecture using a 5 nm process. It has 16,384 shading units, 24 GB of GDDR6X memory on a 384-bit bus, 1,010.0 GB/s of memory bandwidth, a boost clock of 2.52 GHz and a 450 W board power rating. It scores 38,050 in the PassMark G3D benchmark. It supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, OpenGL 4.6, Vulkan 1.4 and CUDA compute capability 8.9.
Depth: 61 recorded fields, 29 features, 5 PassMark workloads
Specification data last verified August 11, 2026 against PassMark Videocard Benchmark, NVIDIA GeForce Specifications, NanoReview (Firecrawl extract), NVIDIA Developer: CUDA GPUs, NVIDIA Developer: Video Encode and Decode GPU Support Matrix and Wikipedia GPU list tables (wikigrid-2026-09). Coverage: 10 of 10 tracked specifications recorded.
Performance
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 scores 38,050 in the PassMark G3D benchmark, higher than 99.8% of the 2,658 GPUs benchmarked (PassMark rank #3), measured across 22,578 submitted results. Its PassMark G2D score is 1,303.
PassMark workload tests
In the PassMark workload tests the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 averages DirectX 9 400 fps, DirectX 10 222 fps, DirectX 11 323 fps, DirectX 12 151 fps and GPU Compute 25,990 ops/s, across 22,578 submitted results. Frames per second are PassMark test-scene rates, not game frame rates.
Theoretical throughput
NVIDIA states a peak of FP32 (single precision) 83 TFLOPS, AI performance 1,321 TOPS and Ray tracing 191 TFLOPS for the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090.
As stated by PassMark
PassMark's own listing for the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 states the PCIe 4.0 x16 interface, up to 24 GB of memory, a core clock of 2230 MHz, DirectX 12 and OpenGL 4.6, first benchmarked on 2022-10-12. These are PassMark's figures, shown separately from the specification tables above.
Not to be confused with
This page covers the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 specifically. It is a different product from NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 D, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 Laptop GPU, which have their own specifications. Check the exact model name before comparing figures.
Graphics processor
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 is based on the Ada Lovelace architecture, uses the AD102-300-A1 graphics processor, is manufactured on a 5 nm process, contains 76,300 million transistors and has a die size of 609 mm².
Shader configuration
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has 16,384 shading units, 128 streaming multiprocessors, 512 texture mapping units, 176 render output units, 128 ray tracing cores and 512 tensor cores.
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 does not use XMX engines; those are specific to Intel Arc graphics. Infinity Cache is an AMD architectural feature and does not apply to the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090.
Clock speeds
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 runs at a base clock of 2.24 GHz and boosts to 2.52 GHz.
Memory
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 is equipped with 24 GB of GDDR6X memory, uses a 384-bit memory bus and delivers 1,010.0 GB/s of memory bandwidth.
Board and power
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has a board power rating of 450 W, a total board power of 450 W, a power supply of at least 850 W is recommended, power is supplied through 3x PCIe 8-pin cables (adapter in box) OR 1x 450 W or greater PCIe Gen 5 cable, the card occupies 3-slot, it is 304 mm long, its width is 137 mm, the maximum operating temperature is 90 °C and it connects over PCIe 4.0.
Market
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 was released on October 12, 2022 and launched at a price of $1,599.
Benchmarks
Graphics and compute APIs
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, OpenGL 4.6, Vulkan 1.4 and CUDA compute capability 8.9.
Feex has no recorded OpenCL version for the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090.
Features
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has 18 supported features recorded and 2 features explicitly listed as not supported outside the media engine. A feature that no source mentions is shown as not listed, never as unsupported.
Rendering
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Supported: DirectX 12 UltimateMicrosoft's top DirectX 12 feature tier, covering hardware ray tracing, mesh shaders, variable-rate shading and sampler feedback.
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Supported: NVIDIA DLSS DLSS 3NVIDIA's AI-based upscaling and frame-generation technology that can raise frame rates in supported games.
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Supported: Hardware ray tracing 3rd GenerationDedicated GPU hardware that speeds up ray-traced lighting, reflections and shadows in supported games and apps.Ray tracing units: 128
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Supported: Vulkan ray tracingSupport for hardware ray tracing through the Vulkan graphics API.
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate, NVIDIA DLSS (DLSS 3), Hardware ray tracing (3rd Generation) and Vulkan ray tracing under Rendering.
Compute and AI
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Supported: CUDA Compute capability 8.9Support for NVIDIA's CUDA computing platform, used by many creative, scientific and AI applications.
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Supported: Tensor cores 4th GenerationNVIDIA's dedicated matrix-math units used for AI workloads such as DLSS and machine-learning inference.Tensor cores: 512
Not supported (1)
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Explicitly not supported: NVLink / SLIWhat it is: Support for linking two NVIDIA GPUs with a bridge for multi-GPU setups.
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports CUDA (Compute capability 8.9) and Tensor cores (4th Generation) under Compute and AI. NVLink / SLI is explicitly listed as not supported.
Display features
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Supported: NVIDIA G-SYNCSupport for NVIDIA's variable refresh rate technology, which syncs the display to the GPU to reduce tearing and stutter.
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Supported: HDCP content protection HDCP 2.3Support for HDCP, the copy-protection standard that some protected 4K streaming and disc video requires.
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Supported: VR readyThe vendor states the GPU meets the requirements for running mainstream PC virtual reality headsets.
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports NVIDIA G-SYNC, HDCP content protection (HDCP 2.3) and VR ready under Display features.
Platform
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Supported: Resizable BARLets the CPU access the GPU's full video memory at once, which can improve performance in some games on supporting systems.
Not supported (1)
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Explicitly not supported: Small-form-factor readyWhat it is: The vendor lists the GPU as suitable for compact small-form-factor PC builds.
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports Resizable BAR under Platform. Small-form-factor ready is explicitly listed as not supported.
Software and drivers
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Supported: NVIDIA FreestyleNVIDIA game filter feature that adjusts colors and sharpness in supported games.
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Supported: NVIDIA Game Ready driversDriver branch tuned and released alongside new games.
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Supported: NVIDIA BroadcastNVIDIA software that applies AI noise removal and camera effects for calls and streams.
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Supported: NVIDIA OmniverseSupport for NVIDIA's Omniverse platform for collaborative 3D design and simulation.
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Supported: NVIDIA ReflexNVIDIA's latency-reduction technology that lowers the delay between input and what you see in supported games.
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Supported: RTX RemixNVIDIA tooling for modding older games with ray tracing and updated assets.
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Supported: NVIDIA ShadowPlayNVIDIA's built-in tool for recording and streaming gameplay.
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Supported: NVIDIA Studio driversDriver branch tuned and tested for creative applications.
Not listed (1)
No source Feex holds states whether the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports RTX HDR. That is silence, not a statement that they are unsupported.
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports NVIDIA Freestyle, NVIDIA Game Ready drivers, NVIDIA Broadcast, NVIDIA Omniverse, NVIDIA Reflex, RTX Remix, NVIDIA ShadowPlay and NVIDIA Studio drivers under Software and drivers.
Media engine
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 provides hardware encode for H.264 (AVC), HEVC (H.265) and AV1 and hardware decode for H.264 (AVC), HEVC (H.265), AV1 and VP9.
| Codec | Encode | Decode |
|---|---|---|
| H.264 (AVC) | Supported4:4:4: Yes | Supported |
| HEVC (H.265) | Supported4:2:2: No; 4:4:4: Yes; 10-bit: Yes; B-frames: Yes; 8K: Yes | Supported4:4:4: Yes |
| AV1 | Supported | Supported |
| VP9 | Not stated by the vendor | Supported |
supported explicitly not supported not stated by the vendor
Media engines recorded for the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090: NVIDIA NVENC encoder (8th Generation, encoder engines: 2) and NVIDIA NVDEC decoder (5th Generation, decoder engines: 1).
Display outputs
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 offers outputs HDMI, 3x DisplayPort, up to 4 simultaneous displays, a maximum resolution of 4K at 240Hz or 8K at 60Hz with DSC, HDR and HDCP 2.3. It is stated to be VR ready.
Frequently asked questions
How much VRAM does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 have?
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has 24 GB of GDDR6X memory on a 384-bit bus. Its memory bandwidth is 1,010.0 GB/s.
How much power does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 use and what power supply does it need?
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has a board power rating of 450 W. Feex records a suggested power supply of at least 850 W. Power connectors: 3x PCIe 8-pin cables (adapter in box) OR 1x 450 W or greater PCIe Gen 5 cable.
How fast is the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090?
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 scores 38,050 in the PassMark G3D benchmark, higher than 99.8% of the 2,658 GPUs benchmarked. Its PassMark rank is #3. In the PassMark DirectX 12 test it averages 151 fps.
Does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 support ray tracing?
Yes. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has hardware ray tracing (3rd Generation) with 128 ray tracing cores.
Does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 support AV1 encoding?
Yes. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports AV1 hardware encoding and AV1 hardware decoding.
Does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 support DirectX 12 Ultimate?
Yes. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 supports DirectX 12 Ultimate.
What is the CUDA compute capability of the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090?
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 has CUDA compute capability 8.9.
What bus interface does the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 use?
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 connects over PCIe 4.0.
When was the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 released and how much did it cost at launch?
The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 was released on October 12, 2022 and launched at a price of $1,599.
Corrections to this record
After an audit, 1 value on the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 record was corrected. Each change is listed with its old value, new value, rule and sources.
- Compute units:
128cleared (now Not recorded). Rule: NVIDIA SM count moved out of compute units. compute units 128 on an NVIDIA GPU is its SM count (stated by the Wikipedia list articles). Sources: Wikipedia: List of Nvidia graphics processing units (revision 1377107724); Wikipedia: List of Nvidia desktop graphics processing units (revision 1375708460).
The audit log is public: all changes for this GPU, the corrections overview and the method.
Similar performance
Compare the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090
Side-by-side specification comparisons against cards in the same performance band.